Cooling tower design

A cooling tower is a heat rejection device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature. Natural draft designs use very large concrete chimneys to introduce air through the media. Several construction materials can be used to form the structure of a cooling tower. Cooling Tower Design – Cooling Tower Systems , Inc.

Concrete, fiberglass, steel and wood are among the common materials used. Design Considerations of cooling tower The efficiency of this device depends essentially on climatic conditions, in particular the wet-bulb temperature and the relative humidity of the ambient air.

Some cooling tower manufacturers design their based on equipment counterflow while others base their design on crossflow. Perhaps it would be helpful if we think of a cooling tower as a closed boundary system or simply a generic machine. We send hot water and electricity to the cooling tower and it sends back cool water. During the cooling tower working process, small volumes of water evaporate, lowering the temperature of the water that’s being circulated throughout the cooling tower. This design guideline assists engineers to understand the basic principles of cooling towers.

What are the principles of cooling tower? What is the best location for a cooling tower? Which cooling tower is more efficient, wet or drying cooling?

The cooling tower design from Tower Tech mitigates or eliminates these flaws, making a better cooling experience for you and your wallet.

In order to combat the inefficiencies, we had to make a number of changes to the traditional model. Most cooling towers are designed as simple wet cooling towers, but upon occasion, a tower will be designed to operate as a wet-dry cooling tower. A wet-dry cooling tower adds heat to the airflow prior to discharge through the cooling tower fan stack.

Typically, cooling towers are designed to cool a specified maximum flowrate of water from one temperature to another at an exact wet bulb temperature. For example, a designed tower may be guaranteed to cool 10gpm of water from 95°F to 80°F at 75°F wet bulb temperature. In this case, the range is 15°F and the approach is 5°F.

DESIGN CONSIDERATION FOR COOLING TOWERS : Once a tower characteristic has been established between the plant engineer and the manufacturer, the manufacturer must design a tower that matches the value. If it is not available it may be assumed as. Drift loss of the cooling tower is normally provided by the cooling tower manufacturer based on the Process design.

The cooling load is determined by the size of a building from which heat needs to be extracted. The other factor that affects this design is the relative humidity of the air. This temperature will dictate the minimum performance available by the tower.

The approach is a fimction of cooling tower capability, and a larger cooling tower produces a closer approach (colder leaving water) for a given heat loa flow rate, and entering air condition. Since the cooling towers are based on the principles of evaporative cooling , the maximum cooling tower efficiency depends on the wet bulb temperature of the air. Houston, Texas Fans Key to Optimum Cooling-Tower Design nomograph gives the reciprocal of the density ratio.

Duty requirements are 1. The CWR line from the process unit enters an industrial cooling tower at 45°C and leaves at 33°C, as shown in Figure 2. The cooled water drains to the basin at the bottom of the tower and is returned to the heat source.

The vertical air discharge of the AT design and the distance between the discharge air and fresh air intakes reduces the chance of air recirculation, since the warm humid air is directed up and away from the unit.